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|Location = Radom, German-occupied Poland |Date = |Incident type = Imprisonment, mass shooting, forced labor, starvation, deportations to death camps |Perpetrators = Nazi ''SS'', Orpo police battalions |Camp = |Victims = 33,000 Jews |Survivors = |Witnesses = |Memorials = }} Radom Ghetto was a World War II ghetto set up in March 1941 by Nazi Germany in the city of Radom during occupation of Poland, for the purpose of persecution and exploitation of Polish Jews. It was closed off from the outside officially in April 1941. A year and a half later, the liquidation of the ghetto began in August 1942, and ended in July 1944, with approximately 30,000–32,000 victims deported aboard cattle trucks to their deaths at the Treblinka extermination camp.〔The statistical data compiled on the basis of ( "Glossary of 2,077 Jewish towns in Poland" ) by ''Virtual Shtetl'' Museum of the History of the Polish Jews (Polish), as well as ( "Getta Żydowskie" by ''Gedeon'' ) (Polish) and ("Ghetto List" by Michael Peters ) at ARC. Accessed March 12, 2015.〕 ==Background== The city of Radom was overrun by the German forces on September 8, 1939 during the invasion of Poland. The total population was 81,000 at that time of which 25,000 were Jews.〔( “Radom” Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities in Poland, Volume VII (Poland) ), Translation of “Radom” chapter from Pinkas Hakehillot Polin, Published by Yad Vashem〕 On November 30, 1939 the ''SS-Gruppenführer'' Fritz Katzmann from ''Selbstschutz'' who led murder operations earlier in Wrocław, and in Katowice, was appointed the Higher SS and Police Leader (SSPF) of occupied Radom. His arrival was followed by wonton violence and plunder for personal gain. Katzmann ordered the execution of Jewish leaders right away.〔 Before the creation of a ghetto, many Jews were pressed into forced labor. One of their first tasks on German orders was to rebuild the prewar Polish Łucznik Arms Factory damaged in the attack, to meet the German military needs. The factory served as the major local Nazi employer throughout the war.〔 The Germans forced the Jewish community to pay contributions, and seized their valuables and businesses.〔 Nevertheless, the precious metal holdings were already depleted because the Radom Jews – especially the Jewish women from "Wizo" – made massive donations to Polish air-force fund four months before the invasion. Even the least fortunate Jews purchased air-defense bonds with pride until May 1939. Soon after the invasion, around September–October 1939, the SS conducted surprise raids on synagogues. The worshipers were dragged out and put into labour commandos. The Radom Synagogue was desecrated by the Nazis and its furnishings destroyed. To instill fear, the Jewish city councilor Jojna (Yona) Zylberberg was marched with a stone over his head and beaten by the SS soldiers.〔 His wife died in an accident at home only months earlier by falling out when she tried to hang sheers, leaving her two children behind. Around December 1939 January 1940 the Judenrat was established to serve as an intermediary organization between the German command and the local Jewish community. One thousand men were sent to labour camps of the Lublin reservation in the summer of 1940. In December, the German Governor-General Hans Frank stationing in Kraków ordered the expulsion of 10,000 Jews from the city. Only 1,840 were deported due to technical difficulties. In the spring of 1941 there were about 32,000 Jews in Radom.〔 Katzmann remained there until Operation Barbarossa.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Radom Ghetto」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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